In the rapidly-changing global geopolitics, the BRICS has emerged as a pivotal counterweight to efforts to reinforce a unipolar order. Under the Trump administration, Washington has intensified its use of tariffs and trade mechanisms as instruments of pressure against sovereign nations and rising powers, particularly India, China, Russia, and Iran. These measures compel alignment with American strategic preferences, often at the expense of the economic autonomy and diversified partnerships that emerging economies pursue. The recent advancement of legislation authorising tariffs of up to 100% on imports from major purchasers of Russian oil stands as a stark illustration of this approach….