China’s new privacy law outlines Beijing’s mandate to shape global discussions about data protections, giving the government greater power to scrutinize how companies transfer information abroad. The Personal Information Protection Law, or PIPL, unveiled Friday imposes rules on how companies can use Chinese citizens’ data and the conditions firms must meet to share information with computer servers or business partners outside the country. That could have a significant impact on international data flows as more countries erect digital trade barriers to protect citizens’ privacy or national security, privacy and legal experts say. “[Chinese lawmakers] make it no secret that they...