By at least one measure, China now leads the world in producing high-quality science. My research shows that Chinese scholars now publish a larger fraction of the top 1 per cent most cited scientific papers globally than scientists from any other country. I am a policy expert and analyst who studies how governmental investment in science, technology and innovation improves social welfare. While a country's scientific prowess is somewhat difficult to quantify, I'd argue that the amount of money spent on scientific research, the number of scholarly papers published and the quality of those papers are good stand-in measures. China…