Europe spends less of its GDP on research and development than the U.S., Japan, or China. Its R&D intensity has held at roughly 2.1% for years, compared with 3.45% in the U.S. and Japan and 2.6% in China. Yet the continent continues to punch above its weight, generating world-class ideas and breakthroughs: the European Patent Office logged a record number of patent applications last year.  Fortune’s Europe’s Most Innovative Companies ranking, now in its second year and produced in partnership with Statista, showcases the businesses helping drive that performance. The list spans 300 companies across 18 countries and 21 industries, highlighting organizations that are...