India has long understood energy insecurity through the familiar prism of fuel dependence. For decades, the national conversation centred on oil imports, coal shortages, gas availability, and the volatility of global commodity markets. Even today, India imports nearly 85 percent of its crude oil and around half of its natural gas requirements, leaving the economy vulnerable to external shocks. Energy security, in this traditional sense, meant securing sufficient fuel to keep the wheels of growth turning. That understanding, though still relevant, is no longer adequate.Electricity (AP)India’s next great energy challenge is taking a different shape. The central question is no…